Forestry and fisheries daff includes value chains, inputs, production and. The crop is produced in all the provinces of south africa, but the most significant producing regions are the free state, gauteng, mpumalanga and the northwest provinces, accounting for roughly 87 percent of overall production. We show the possible impacts on maize production in africa and latin america to 2055, using highresolution methods to generate characteristic daily weather data for driving a detailed simulation model of the maize crop. Maize is produced throughout south africa with free state, mpumalanga and north west provinces being the largest producers, accounting for approximately 84% of total production. Pdf south african agriculture in the 1980s researchgate. Nafziger encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Although one of the largest maize crops in the history of south african farming will be harvested in 2010, farmers struggle with prices. Cultivation on marginal crop lands is, however, not recommended. Pdf this paper sheds light on the decreasing south african wheat. Grain sa, 2014 successful cultivation of maize depends largely on. Successful maize production depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production.
History of maize production in south africa 1 min read. This was not the case in the past five to six decades, lesotho was exporting large amount of maize to south africa for both home consumption and its maize industry, obtaining foreign exchange earnings hunter, 1978. In south africa, maize was first introduced in 1655 and has since become one of the dominant food crops. The trend of maize production is not well documented using appropriate analytical tools, hence this study is. Climate change awareness in mpumalanga province, south africa. Maize can be processed into a variety of food and industrial products, including starch, sweeteners, oil, beverages, glue, industrial alcohol, and fuel ethanol. In 2017, biotech cotton area in south africa increased by 315%, and adoption reached 100%. Despite the decline in production, domestic maize supplies are estimated to be sufficient to satisfy national consumption requirements in the 201920 marketing year mayapril. Understanding maize production part 1 farmers weekly.
Maize farming and production business in africa is a highpotential opportunity for the continent. A total of 37,406 hectares were planted to biotech cotton, compared to only 9,000 hectares in 2016. Maize production in the north west province mmidi tswana maize is the main staple food of the majority of south africans and is produced widely on a small scale as well as commercially. About 56% of this could be white maize, with 44% being yellow maize. Currently almost half of the production consists of white maize, for human food consumption source. South africa will regain its status as a net exporter of maize this season. The country can be divided into distinct farming regions, and farming activ ities range from intensive crop production in winter rainfall and high summer rainfall. This is 38% of total grain production, which amounts to 2,6 billion tons. Challenges and opportunities in maize production omnia. In the last 10 years, the use of maize for fuel production significantly increased, accounting for approximately 40% of the maize production in the united states. South americas maize market is projected to witness a cagr 4. The aim of producing this cereal crop is to obtain high yields. Global maize production, utilization, and consumption.
Economic impacts of climate change in south africa. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. Important weeds in maize article university of pretoria. Another major cereal, maize, has overtaken these traditional cereals while wheat is widely cultivated in north africa and in sudan and ethiopia. Agriculture in south africa contributes around 10% of formal employment, relatively low. Maize constitutes about 70 percent of grain production and covers abou t 60 percent of the cropping area in south africa. Maize production in rsa from 20072008 to 20172018 graph 2 3. According to crop estimates committee cec, the maize production in africa has increased by 6% during the 201819 cropping season, when compared to the previous cropping season. A preliminary analysis of unmitigated damage costs pdf. It is widely eaten in various forms and more than 900 million africans depend on maize every year because it is often cheaper than. White maize is biologically and genetically very similar to yellow maize, although there is a difference in appearance due to the absence of carotin oil pigments in the kernel which otherwise cause the yellow colour of the grain. It is both the staple food for the majority of the south african population and the major feed grain. Using a new compilation of agricultural data, we find that south africa increased its total maize production from 328,000 tons in 1904 to 1. Africa maize market growth, trends, industry analysis.
Maize revolutions in sub saharan africa melinda smale, derek byerlee x, and thom jayne melinda smale and thom jayne are with michigan state university and the tegemeo institute of agricultural policy and development, egerton university, kenya. The earliest written record of farming life in south africa start slightly after 1500. Mokhele moeletsi at agricultural research council, south africa. Successful maize production depends on the correct application of. Maize, a warmweather crop, forms part of the daily diet as a staple food for human consumption and livestock feed in rural communities. As south africa is the largest producer of maize with the most developed market, the south african value chain information may serve as a benchmark for other countries in sadc. Siq with additional data from agbiz grain on the regional boundary specifications created a software package based on an open source gis package qgis. It is an important grain crop in south africa and can be grown under diverse environmental conditions. Maize requires between 450mm and 600mm of water per season, mainly acquired from soil moisture reserves. We believe that total maize exports could at least reach 2. Moench is an indigenous crop to africa, and though commercial needs and uses may change over time, sorghum will remain a basic staple food for many rural communities. These trials form part of a national cultivar trial conducted in the major grain producing areas of south africa. Bt maize is only commercially available in south africa. South africa s maize production slumped by 30% this year, and as a result, it had to import 770,000 metric tons of maize from outside the african continent.
White and yellow maize production estimates were revised up by 2% and 4% from the previous estimates. Maize, also known as corn, is one of the most common and important food crops in south africa. Half of this consists of white maize for human food consumption. Pdf mapping of maize growing period over the free state. In 2017, south african maize production was 17,5 million tons, an alltime record for the country. Pdf during the 1980s south africa witnessed a number of political changes and some. South africa could harvest the second biggest maize crop. Wheat comes in second at about 750 million tons, and rice third at about 480 million tons. Executive summary a business concept imvubu holdings, ltd is proposing a maize mill to service the remote siavonga district of zambia. See fuller discussion under local business environment heading. The crop can be grown in various soils and weather conditions.
Maize farming is important for the south african economy because it is the bread and butter of thousands of commercial and smallscale farmers. The objective of this prospectus is to answer as many of your questions as possible in a brief, but succinct manner and to provide you with relevant information about the south african maize industry and pointers as to the. In proceedings of a workshop jointly organized by the association for the advancement of agricu1tur1 sciences in africa and the international institute of tropical agriculture. It is important to note that even distribution of heat units is a key requirement for optimal production of corn. Income from selected farmrelated sources in south africa. South africa is the largest and most active producer of maize in the southern african region and alone accounted for 42% of africa s maize trade, with 69% in the form of imports in 2017. News challenges and opportunities in maize production. The latter is especially true in the more drought prone areas of south africa where. At the same time, the volume of maize exports are forecast at 1. One of the reasons for the increase in maize production over.
Therefore, if south africa s 201819 maize production could amount to at least 8. Ranking of statistics maize production tons the 5 highest records for. Maize minister of agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Maize remains the staple food for many household diets in south africa, especially in rural communities. North west maize is the most important grain crop in southern africa and prices are dramatically influenced by any indication of under or over production. Technical considerations for maize flour and corn meal forti. It is a summer crop, mostly grown in semi arid regions of the country. Maize is produced in all the provinces of south africa, but the most significant producing regions are the free state, gauteng, mpumalanga and the northwest provinces.
Sa maize production figures vary from season to season, but generally about eight million tons of maize grain are produced annually in south africa on 3,1 million hectares. Sorghum production introduction sorghum sorghum bicolour l. South africa is divided into 36 grain production regions. Contrary to popular belief, agricultural production in africa has increased steadily. Pdf temperature is one of the important environmental parameters that determines the development of a crop from one. Distribution of farming operations in south africa by province. Africa, and specifically sadc, has become more globalized and interdependent on. Africa south of the equator is particularly affected by land degradation. Maize also known as corn in some countries is one of the most common and important food crops across africa. Maize milling business plan sample imvubu holdings, ltd siavonga district zambia. Wheat is an important cereal crop ranking second after maize in terms of the area planted and production. Introduction maize zea mays l is the most important and most widely distributed cereal in the world after wheat and rice. A recently published research paper by agricultural economists jan greyling and philip pardey in the agrekon journal brings home some key points about south africa s maize production in terms of. Maize milling report national agricultural marketing council.
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